What Are The Most Common Commercial HVAC Problems

For businesses and commercial buildings, having a reliable and efficient HVAC system is essential. But, just like any other electrical system, HVAC systems can encounter problems. In this article, we will be discussing the most common commercial HVAC problems and how to prevent them. We will also discuss the best practices for HVAC maintenance and how to troubleshoot any issues that arise.

Short Cycling

Short cycling is a common problem with commercial HVAC systems. It means that the HVAC system is turning on and off more frequently than it should, resulting in frequent starts and stops. This can lead to a number of problems, such as decreased energy efficiency, higher energy bills, and even damage to the system.

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The most common cause of short cycling is an oversized system. When an HVAC system is too large for the space, it can’t reach the desired temperature quickly enough and will turn on and off more frequently. This can also happen if the system is not properly maintained. Dirty filters, for example, can reduce air flow, causing the system to run longer in order to reach the desired temperature and therefore short cycling.

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Other causes of short cycling can include faulty thermostats, blocked ducts, or a refrigerant leak. All of these problems can prevent the HVAC system from reaching the desired temperature and cause it to turn on and off more frequently.

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It’s important to address short cycling problems as soon as possible. In addition to the problems already mentioned, short cycling can also lead to increased wear and tear on the system, resulting in more frequent repairs and higher maintenance costs.

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Fortunately, short cycling can usually be fixed with a few simple steps. Start by making sure the HVAC system is the right size for the space. If it’s too large, consider down-sizing to a smaller system. Also, be sure to regularly inspect and maintain the system, including changing air filters and cleaning ducts. If necessary, have a professional inspect the system and make any necessary repairs.

Leaking Refrigerant

Leaking refrigerant in commercial HVAC systems can be a major problem that can lead to a number of other issues. Refrigerant is a vital part of the air conditioning cycle and is necessary to keep the system running efficiently and cost-effectively. Unfortunately, refrigerant can begin leaking from the system, leading to a variety of HVAC problems.

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The most common cause of refrigerant leaks in commercial HVAC systems is poor maintenance. Without regular inspections and maintenance, refrigerant lines can become corroded or damaged, leading to small cracks or leaks. Additionally, age can also be a factor, as older systems can be more prone to leaking.

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If the refrigerant in a commercial HVAC system is leaking, it can lead to a number of other issues. The most common issue is that the system will struggle to reach the desired temperature. This can lead to uncomfortable temperatures in the building, as well as an increase in energy bills. Additionally, the lack of refrigerant can cause the system to work harder than it should, leading to more frequent breakdowns and possible system failure.

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Another issue that can arise from a leaking refrigerant is the potential for the release of dangerous gases into the air. Refrigerants can contain harmful chemicals that can be dangerous to the health of building occupants if they are released into the air.

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The best way to avoid the issues caused by a leaking refrigerant in a commercial HVAC system is to ensure that the system is regularly inspected and maintained. This can help to identify any potential problems before they become serious, and can help to avoid costly repairs. Additionally, if the system is showing signs of a refrigerant leak, it is important to contact a professional as soon as possible to avoid further damage or release of dangerous gases.

Dirty Filters

Dirty filters in commercial HVAC systems can cause a variety of problems, ranging from decreased efficiency to higher energy bills. Dirty filters in commercial HVAC systems can reduce the system's ability to effectively draw air through the ducts, leading to decreased air flow. 

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This can cause certain components of the system to become overworked and break down, resulting in costly repairs. Furthermore, dirty filters can cause the system to operate at higher temperatures, which can lead to increased energy bills.

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In order to avoid these problems, it is important to regularly inspect and replace commercial HVAC filters. Depending on the type of filter and the environment, filters should be changed at least every three months. 

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It is also important to inspect the filters for any dirt or debris that may have accumulated. If any dirt or debris is found, the filter should be replaced immediately. Furthermore, commercial HVAC systems should be inspected and serviced regularly to ensure that all components are working properly.

Dirty Condenser Coils

Dirty condenser coils in commercial HVAC systems can cause a variety of problems that can affect the efficiency and performance of the unit. Dirty condenser coils can cause an increase in energy consumption, a decrease in the cooling capacity, and increased maintenance costs.

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When the condenser coils become dirty, the heat exchange process that occurs between the refrigerant and the air surrounding the unit is inhibited. This can cause the refrigerant to become too hot, leading to an increase in energy consumption as the unit has to work harder to reach the desired temperature. The decreased efficiency can also lead to an increase in maintenance costs as the unit is more likely to suffer from breakdowns due to the additional strain being placed on the system.

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The decreased cooling capacity can also be an issue as the unit will not be able to reach the desired temperature quickly or as effectively as it would if the condenser coils were clean. This can lead to a decrease in the unit’s performance, which can cause discomfort and even health problems for those working or living in the space.

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To prevent these problems, commercial HVAC systems should be serviced regularly and the condenser coils should be inspected and cleaned as needed. This will ensure that the unit is running as efficiently as possible and that the cooling capacity is not being affected by dirty coils. Regular maintenance can also help to reduce the risk of breakdowns, which can be costly and time consuming to repair.

Noises

Noise can be a common issue with commercial HVAC systems. In some cases, the noise is simply a nuisance, but in other cases, the noise can be indicative of a larger problem. Here are a few common sources of noise that can arise in commercial HVAC systems and some tips for addressing them.

Rattling Ducts

Ducts that are not properly connected, or are loose, can cause loud rattling noises when the HVAC system is running. To address this, you should inspect the ducts for any gaps or loose connections. If necessary, you can seal any gaps with duct tape or other appropriate materials.

Motor Bearing Failure

The motors in HVAC systems can sometimes experience bearing failure, which can cause a loud grinding or squealing noise. If this is the case, then the motor will need to be replaced.

Fan Blades Out of Balance

If the fan blades in the system are not properly balanced, then they can create a loud humming noise. To address this, you should inspect the fan blades for any signs of damage or wear and tear. If necessary, you can also balance the fan blades with a balancing kit.

Refrigerant Leaks

Refrigerant leaks can cause a loud hissing or bubbling noise. If your HVAC system is making this type of noise, then it is likely due to a refrigerant leak. You should inspect the refrigerant lines and connections for any signs of damage or wear and tear. If necessary, you can also have a technician come in and repair the leak.

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Malfunctioning Economizer

When it comes to commercial HVAC systems, a malfunctioning economizer can be a major problem. An economizer is a device used to regulate the airflow and temperature of a building’s air conditioning system and is one of the most important components of a commercial HVAC system. When they malfunction, they can lead to a number of issues, including increased energy costs and reduced comfort levels.

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One of the most common problems associated with a malfunctioning economizer is the inability to maintain consistent temperatures. The economizer is responsible for regulating the temperature of the air that enters the building, and if it is malfunctioning, it can cause temperatures to fluctuate wildly. This can lead to uncomfortable working conditions and can also make it difficult for the HVAC system to properly regulate the temperature of the building.

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Another issue that can arise from a malfunctioning economizer is increased energy costs. If the economizer is not working as efficiently as it should be, it can lead to the HVAC system having to work harder to maintain the desired temperature in the building. This can lead to higher energy costs, as the system will be consuming more energy than it should be.

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Finally, a malfunctioning economizer can also cause air quality issues. If the economizer is not properly regulating the airflow in the building, it can lead to air that is too humid, too dry, or too dusty. This can cause respiratory issues for those who are in the building, as well as make it difficult to regulate the temperature.

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Fortunately, there are ways to diagnose and repair a malfunctioning economizer. A professional HVAC technician should be able to identify the cause of the problem and determine the best course of action. In some cases, it may be as simple as cleaning or replacing the economizer; in others, it may be necessary to replace the entire HVAC system.

Clogged Drain

If you own or operate a commercial building, you know how important it is to maintain the HVAC system. One common problem that can arise with the HVAC system is a clogged drain. Though it may seem like a minor issue, a clogged drain can lead to serious problems if left unaddressed.

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The most common cause of a clogged drain is a buildup of dirt and debris in the drain line. This can be caused by a variety of things, including leaves and other natural debris, dust, or even the buildup of sediment. If the clog is not addressed, it can eventually lead to water overflows and damage to your HVAC system, as well as costly repairs.

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Fortunately, there are a few simple steps you can take to prevent a clogged drain. First, you should make sure to regularly inspect and clean out the drain line. This will help to remove any debris that may be accumulating and prevent a clog from forming. Additionally, you should make sure to inspect the filters in your HVAC system and replace them as necessary. Dirty filters can quickly clog a drain line and cause serious damage.

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If you do find that your drain is clogged, the best thing to do is to contact a professional HVAC technician. They will be able to assess the situation and determine the best course of action. In some cases, they may be able to simply clear the clog. In other cases, they may need to replace the drain line.

Loose Evaporator Belt

The Loose Evaporator Belt is one of the most common commercial HVAC problems that business owners need to be aware of. The evaporator belt, also known as the condenser fan belt, is responsible for transferring power from the motor to the fan in order to keep the evaporator coils cool.

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A loose belt can cause the entire HVAC system to shut down, resulting in a loss of heating and cooling. In some cases, it can even cause the fan motor to overheat and fail prematurely.

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The good news is that a loose evaporator belt is fairly easy to diagnose and fix. The first step is to inspect the belt itself. If it appears worn, cracked, or frayed, it should be replaced as soon as possible. If the belt looks fine, the next step is to check the tension. The tension should be snug but not too tight, as a too-tight belt can cause the fan blades to vibrate and make noise.

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Once the tension has been adjusted, the belt should be inspected regularly to make sure it remains in good condition. If the belt begins to show signs of wear or damage, it should be replaced immediately.

Conclusion

By understanding the common problems with commercial HVAC systems, you can help reduce the amount of time it takes to diagnose and repair them. Without proper maintenance, these issues can worsen and become more costly. 

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Regular maintenance and cleaning can help keep your system running at its best, and proper repairs can help keep it running efficiently and safely. When in doubt, contact Skilled Aircon professionals for your HVAC needs. 

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Learn about our 6 sustainability tips for commercial HVAC that also save money